Rhizome Layer for Florida Zone 9
The rhizome layer focuses on plants that spread or store energy underground
through rhizomes, tubers, or thickened roots. In a food forest, this layer can include
edible roots like ginger, turmeric, and arrowroot, as well as native wetland
rhizomes and clumping ornamentals that knit soil together and help stabilize edges.
This page highlights species that are known to handle the heat, humidity, heavy rains, and occasional freezes typical of Florida’s USDA Planting Zone 9. Not every plant listed has been trialed yet at the Ocala Food Forest, but all appear repeatedly on reputable Florida plant lists as good candidates for this region.
Use this layer list alongside our other resources when you plan guilds and edges. It pairs especially well with our Garden Vegetables, overall Food Forest Plant List, and the Monthly Guild Challenge as you pick varieties for your own design.
Zone ranges and suitability notes draw on resources such as UF/IFAS Extension publications, the Florida Native Plant Society, and Florida-focused nursery lists that specialize in our climate. Always double-check moisture and light needs for your exact microclimate.
Florida Native
Native rhizome-forming plants adapted to Florida’s soils, storms, and wet/dry cycles. Many thrive in swales, pond edges, or seasonally moist low spots and support local wildlife.
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Arrow Arum (Peltandra virginica) 6a–11bWetland stabilizer & wildlife support; rhizomatous plant for pond margins and swales.
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Duck Potato (Sagittaria lancifolia) 7b–11bWildlife food & wetland rhizome; good in shallow water zones and nutrient-catching basins.
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Broadleaf Arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia) 4a–10bWetland & wildlife plant; rhizomes knit soil in ditches and pond edges; supports aquatic life.
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Pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata) 5a–11bPollinator & shoreline stabilizer; blue flower spikes feed bees and support pond guilds.
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Blue Flag Iris (Iris hexagona) 7b–11aPollinator-friendly rhizome; bold flowers; good for rain gardens and wet borders.
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Southern Blue Flag (Iris virginica) 5a–9bWetland ornamental; forms clumps; supports pollinators and adds color to low, moist spots.
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Golden Canna (Canna flaccida) 8a–11bRhizome ornamental & wildlife cover; bright flowers; ideal for pond edges and wet swales.
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Bog Lily (Crinum americanum) 8a–11bRhizomatous bulb; fragrant flowers; thrives in moist areas and stabilizes soft soil.
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Spider Lily (Hymenocallis latifolia) 8a–11bOrnamental bulb/rhizome; striking white blooms; good by pond margins or damp garden edges.
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Star Rush Whitetop (Rhynchospora colorata) 7b–10bGroundcover-like rush; showy white-tipped bracts; useful for moist ground stabilization.
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Lizard’s Tail (Saururus cernuus) 4a–10bWetland rhizome; dense root system holds soil; spikes of flowers support insects.
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Carolina Redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) 6a–10bBog plant; rhizomes help knit sandy wet soils; good for native wet meadow guilds.
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Seashore Mallow (Kosteletzkya virginica) 5a–9bPollinator plant & salt-tolerant shrub; deep roots stabilize coastal or salty soils.
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Saltmarsh Mallow (Kosteletzkya pentacarpos) 5a–9bSimilar to seashore mallow; pollinator attractor and soil holder in damp or salty ground.
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Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) 3a–9bButterfly host & pollinator plant; clumping root system for wet meadows and rain gardens.
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Cinnamon Fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum) 3a–9bShade-loving rhizome; builds organic matter; great for moist woodland understories.
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Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis) 3a–9bTall, architectural fern; rhizomes slowly spread; useful in shaded swale edges.
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Virginia Chain Fern (Woodwardia virginica) 5a–9bMoist woodland fern; creeping rhizomes; holds soil on gentle slopes and swale banks.
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Netted Chain Fern (Woodwardia areolata) 4a–9bNative fern with spreading rhizomes; good for damp understories and shady rain gardens.
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Southern Shield Fern (Thelypteris kunthii) 7a–11aClumping fern; forms soft green masses; builds leaf litter and habitat for soil life.
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Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris) 4a–9bMoist meadow fern; rhizomes help stabilize saturated soils in wetland guilds.
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Giant Leather Fern (Acrostichum danaeifolium) 8b–11bLarge wetland fern; dramatic backdrop plant; rhizomes anchor mucky or tidal soils.
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Soft Rush (Juncus effusus) 4a–9bClumping rush; great for rain gardens, filter strips, and wildlife-friendly edges.
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Gulf Coast Spikerush (Eleocharis interstincta) 8a–11bWetland edge plant; dense rhizomes bind soil at pond margins and drainage channels.
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Spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa) 8a–11bSimilar function to Gulf Coast spikerush; helpful in low, seasonally wet guild zones.
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Fakahatchee Grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) 8a–11bClumping grass; dynamic accumulator & mulch source; great in wet-to-moist buffers.
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Dwarf Fakahatchee Grass (Tripsacum floridanum) 8a–11bSmaller form of Fakahatchee; good for tighter spaces and ornamental rain garden edges.
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Sand Cordgrass (Spartina bakeri) 8a–11bDrought & salt tolerant grass; stabilizes sandy banks and shorelines; habitat for wildlife.
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River Oats (Chasmanthium latifolium) 5a–9bOrnamental grass with dangling seed heads; good for shaded slopes and soil holding.
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Sunshine Mimosa (Mimosa strigillosa) 8a–11bNitrogen-fixing groundcover; low, spreading mat with pink pom-pom flowers; great between paths.
Florida Friendly
Non-native but Florida-tough rhizomes and root crops that behave reasonably well when sited and managed. Focus on clumping forms and food, herbal, or ornamental value.
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Edible Ginger (Zingiber officinale) 8b–11bFood & medicinal rhizome; prefers part shade and rich soil; excellent for kitchen guilds.
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Turmeric (Curcuma longa) 8b–11bFood & medicinal; golden rhizomes used for spice and wellness; good chop-and-drop foliage.
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Galangal (Alpinia galanga) 9a–11bFood & medicinal rhizome; aromatic root for curries; handsome clumping foliage.
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Shell Ginger (Alpinia zerumbet) 8b–11bOrnamental clump; fragrant foliage; good screen or accent in moist, partly shaded spots.
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Variegated Shell Ginger (Alpinia zerumbet 'Variegata') 8b–11bStriped foliage for bright understories; clump-forming; good living screen and mulch source.
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Hidden Ginger (Curcuma petiolata) 8b–11bOrnamental rhizome; blooms appear between leaves; forms lush clumps in summer.
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Pine Cone Ginger / Shampoo Ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) 8b–11bHerbal use; cones yield fragrant liquid; clumping plant for moist, partly shaded guilds.
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Peacock Ginger (Kaempferia pulchra) 8b–11bShade groundcover; patterned leaves; rhizomes let it fill gaps under trees gently.
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Butterfly Ginger (Hedychium coronarium) 8b–11bFragrant flowers & pollinator attractor; tall, lush clumps for moist back-of-border spots.
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Canna Lily – Edible Canna (Canna indica) 7b–11bFood & ornamental; thick rhizomes used as starch in some traditions; strong vertical foliage.
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Canna Lily – Tropic Series (Canna × generalis) 7b–11bOrnamental rhizome; bold foliage and flowers; good for wet-to-moist ornamental guild edges.
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Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 4a–9bFood tuber & biomass; tall sunflower-like stems; plant where you can dig and manage tubers.
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Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius) 7a–11aFood tuber; crisp, sweet roots; likes rich, moist soil and partial protection from extreme heat.
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Chinese Artichoke (Stachys affinis) 5a–9bFood tuber; crunchy spiral tubers; low plant that can edge beds with edible yield.
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Chufa / Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus var. sativus) 6a–10bFood tuber & wildlife feed; plant in contained beds where you can easily harvest and control.
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Taro / Dasheen (Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta) 8b–11bFood crop when properly prepared; grown in wet spots or paddies; also provides lush foliage.
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Elephant Ear – Xanthosoma (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) 9a–11bFood/use crop where traditionally prepared; big leaves provide shade and biomass in moist areas.
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Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) 8b–11bFood starch rhizome; prefers filtered light and rich, moist soil; good near paths or patios.
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Daylily – Edible Types (Hemerocallis fulva) 4a–9bEdible flower and buds in some traditions; clumping roots; bright color for borders.
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Daylily – Hybrid Mix (Hemerocallis hybrids) 4a–9bOrnamental clump; many colors; useful for edging beds and providing living mulch.
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Society Garlic (Tulbaghia violacea) 7b–10bEdible-flavored leaves & flowers (mild garlic taste); good pest-confuser along bed edges.
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Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) 9a–11bFood & aromatic; clumping grass for teas and cooking; chop-and-drop mulch and pest deterrent.
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Liriope – Clumping (Liriope muscari) 5a–10bEdging & weed suppression; clumping habit works well along paths and borders.
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Mondo Grass – Clumping (Ophiopogon japonicus) 6a–11bLow clump-forming grass; shade-tolerant; good for living borders and between stepping stones.
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Dwarf Sweet Flag (Acorus gramineus 'Ogon') 5a–9bVariegated low grass-like plant; likes moisture; nice for ornamental water edges and pots.
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Perennial Peanut – Ornamental (Arachis glabrata 'Ecoturf') 8a–11bNitrogen-fixing groundcover; tough, low-growing mat with yellow flowers; good between trees.
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Creeping Plumbago (Ceratostigma plumbaginoides) 5a–9bFlowering groundcover; blue blooms for pollinators; spreads in tidy clumps.
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Bulbine (Bulbine frutescens) 8b–11bDrought-tolerant clump; orange or yellow flowers; useful for low-water pollinator strips.
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Rain Lily – Mixed (Zephyranthes spp.) 7b–10bBulb/rhizome mix; flowers after rains; nice in lawns, edges, or between perennials.
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Pink Rain Lily (Zephyranthes grandiflora) 8a–11bBright pink blooms; naturalizes in well-drained soils; attract pollinators in mixed borders.